BELUNGGUK AS A LOCAL WISDOM APPROACH TO MASS CONTROL FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FIQH SIYASAH

Abstract

Mass control has become an increasingly important aspect of democratic governance as governments are required to maintain public order while safeguarding constitutional rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. Conventional crowd control strategies that rely predominantly on coercive measures often face challenges in preventing escalation and preserving public trust. This study analyzes the implementation of the Belungguk local wisdom approach in mass control strategies employed by the Samapta Directorate of the Bengkulu Regional Police and examines its relevance from the perspective of Fiqh Siyasah. This research employed an empirical juridical approach using qualitative methods. Primary data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving personnel of the Samapta Directorate, while secondary data were obtained from legislation, institutional documents, and relevant academic literature. Data were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach. Research findings indicate that the integration of the Belungguk approach emphasizes dialogue, deliberation, persuasive communication, and community participation, enabling police personnel to de-escalate potentially anarchic situations without relying primarily on the use of force. Practical implementation nevertheless encounters challenges related to public legal awareness, the potential for provocation, and the institutional integration of local wisdom into operational procedures. Analysis from the perspective of Fiqh Siyasah demonstrates that the Belungguk approach reflects the principles of al-'adl, shūrā, and al-maṣlaḥah al-'āmmah, thereby supporting public order through a humanistic, proportional, and ethically grounded model of policing.