PRISON OVERCROWDING AND SEXUAL MISCONDUCT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FIQH SIYASAH
Keywords:
Prison Overcrowding, Sexual Misconduct, Fiqh Siyasah, Hifẓ al-Nasl, Correctional Institutions.Abstract
Prison overcrowding has become a major challenge to the effectiveness of correctional institutions and the protection of inmates' rights. This study analyzes the impact of overcrowding on sexual misconduct among female inmates and examines the issue from the perspective of Fiqh Siyasah, particularly the principle of Hifẓ al-Nasl. A descriptive qualitative method with a socio-legal approach was employed. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation and analyzed qualitatively. Findings indicate that overcrowded prison conditions, loss of privacy, and prolonged physical proximity contributed to the emergence of inappropriate emotional relationships, including lesbian behavior (musāḥaqah), as a response to unmet emotional needs. Analysis from the perspective of Fiqh Siyasah shows that these conditions are inconsistent with the principles of maṣlaḥah 'āmmah, Hifẓ al-Nasl, and Karāmah al-Insān, which emphasize the protection of human dignity and public welfare. Strengthening restorative justice, decarceration policies, rehabilitation programs, and prison management is essential to restoring the rehabilitative function of correctional institutions in accordance with Islamic governance principles.
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